When scientists first started to figure out how to extract DNA from ancient skeletons, their success was met with astonishment. One minute, scientists were fishing Richard III’s genes from his royal bones, and the next they were showing off DNA retrieved from 500-year-old Incan mummies.

The idea that DNA could survive for thousands of years — let alone be reassembled into an entire genome — seemed little short of miraculous.

Despite the field’s rapid advances in recent years, though, ancient DNA is still hard to find and hard to make sense of. Potential errors lurk around every corner. Even little oversights can cause big headaches.

Continue reading “DNA Study of First Ancient African Genome Flawed, Researchers Report” →

The San Diego Archaeology Center holds a pair of extraordinary skeletons. Dating back about 9,500 years, they are among the oldest human remains ever found in the Americas.

A number of scientists would love to study the bones, using powerful new techniques to extract any surviving DNA.

“These skeletons of such antiquity are so important for helping us understand what happened in the past in North America,” said Brian Kemp, a molecular anthropologist at Washington State University.

Continue reading “Tribes’ Win in Fight for La Jolla Bones Clouds Hopes for DNA Studies” →

When you learned about genes in high school, chances are it went something like this:

Our DNA holds about 20,000 protein-coding genes. To make a protein, a cell makes a copy of the corresponding gene, in the form of a single-stranded molecule called RNA. The cell uses the RNA molecule as a template to make the protein. And then the protein floats off to do its job.

That’s certainly true. But there’s more to the story.

Continue reading “Telling Jewels From Junk in DNA” →