Can burning scrap fight global warming, provide energy to the world’s poor without killing millions with smoke, and boost their food supply by improving the soil–all at once? The mysterious “black earth” of the Amazon, created by its inhabitants 8,000 years ago, hints that all this might be possible. I take a look at the story of biochar in “Black is the New Green,” appearing in the new issue of Conservation.

Originally published September 1, 2010. Copyright 2010 Carl Zimmer.